MongoDB

What is MongoDB?

MongoDB is a popular open-source NoSQL database that stores data in flexible, JSON-like documents. It is designed for scalability, high availability, and performance, making it ideal for modern web applications.

Why Use MongoDB?

• Handles unstructured and semi-structured data
• Schema-less design for flexibility
• Highly scalable with support for horizontal scaling
• Well-suited for real-time analytics and big data

Key Features of MongoDB

• Document-Oriented: Stores data in BSON (Binary JSON) format
• Collections: Groups of documents similar to tables in SQL
• Indexes: Improve query performance
• Aggregation Framework: Process and transform data using pipelines
• Replication: Ensures data availability with replica sets
• Sharding: Distributes data across multiple machines

Basic MongoDB Operations

• db.collection.insertOne(): Add a new document
• db.collection.find(): Retrieve documents
• db.collection.updateOne(): Modify an existing document
• db.collection.deleteOne(): Remove a document

Example Document

{
    "name": "John",
    "age": 25,
    "email": "john@example.com",
    "skills": ["JavaScript", "Node.js", "MongoDB"]
}
    

Advantages of MongoDB

• Flexible and dynamic schema
• Faster for large and complex datasets
• Supports horizontal scaling and replication
• Works well with JavaScript and Node.js

Limitations

• Does not support joins like relational databases
• May require more memory for indexing and storage
• Data integrity must be managed at the application level

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